list of programming languages
Dart has always compiled to JavaScript for the web. That path works, but it carries the limitations of JavaScript: the garbage collector, the dynamic dispatch, and the performance ceiling of the JIT. The WebAssembly target is the alternative. It compiles the Dart code to a compact binary format that the browser executes at near-native speed,…
The DOM (Document Object Model) is a tree representation of an HTML page. JavaScript can read it, modify it, add to it, and remove from it — which is how every interactive web page works. document.querySelector, createElement, appendChild, addEventListener — these are the tools. Key point: The DOM is a live tree. When you change…
Real-time communication between server and client has two distinct problems to solve. Sometimes the server needs to push data to an open page—live updates, stock tickers, notifications while the user is active. Other times, the server needs to reach the user even when the app is closed—a message notification, a reminder, an alert. These are…
Threads are the oldest and most direct form of concurrency in Rust. Long before async/await arrived, before tokio and async-std existed, Rust programmers used std::thread to run code in parallel. The standard library gives you two functions that matter: thread::spawn, which starts a new operating-system thread, and JoinHandle::join, which waits for that thread to finish…
A window function computes a value across a set of rows related to the current row. The OVER clause defines that set. In the simplest form, the set is the entire partition, and the function sees every row in the group. But many analytical questions require a more precise definition: “the running total so far,”…
Publishing a TypeScript package means shipping two things: the JavaScript that runs and the declarations that describe it. The first is what the consumer’s runtime executes; the second is what the consumer’s compiler reads. Getting both right is the difference between a library that is usable in every project and a library that produces “Cannot…
Reflection is the ability of a program to inspect and modify its own structure at runtime. In Dart, the dart:mirrors library provides this capability: it can enumerate a class’s methods, read a field’s value by name, construct an instance from a string, and discover the metadata attached to a declaration. The capability is powerful, and…
Events are the nervous system of a web page. Every click, keystroke, scroll, and network response fires an event, and JavaScript listens. Understanding events — how they propagate, how to listen, how to stop them, and how to delegate — is what separates a static page from a responsive application. The core of it is…
Every web application eventually hits the same wall: some operations are too slow to run inside an HTTP request. Sending an email takes seconds. Generating a PDF report takes minutes. Resizing a video takes hours. If you run these tasks synchronously, the user waits, the connection times out, and the server becomes unresponsive under load….
Message passing is one of the oldest and most enduring models for concurrent programming. Its slogan is simple: do not communicate by sharing memory; instead, share memory by communicating. Rust’s standard library implements this model through the std::sync::mpsc module. The name mpsc stands for “multi-producer, single-consumer”—you can have any number of sending ends, but only…