list of programming languages
An event emitter is a publish-subscribe mechanism: one part of a system announces that something happened, and other parts subscribe to be notified. Node.js has EventEmitter. The browser has addEventListener and CustomEvent. Angular has EventEmitter and signals. Every framework has some version of the pattern. The untyped versions share the same weakness: the event name…
These transform functions slant or distort elements along the X or Y axis, creating a parallelogram effect. They’re useful for dynamic banners, stylized cards, and geometric layouts. Overview of Functions Function Axis Effect Equivalent skew() X and/or Y Slants both axes skewX() + skewY() skewX() Horizontal Slants left/right skew(angle, 0) skewY() Vertical Slants up/down skew(0,…
Dart’s memory model is built around a single insight: most objects die young. In a typical application, the majority of allocated objects become unreachable almost immediately, while a small minority survive to become long-lived. A garbage collector that treats all objects equally wastes time repeatedly examining the long-lived ones. A collector that exploits the age…
BigInt is a numeric type for arbitrary-precision integers. Where regular JavaScript numbers lose precision past 2^53 – 1, BigInt keeps exact values no matter how large. It’s the tool for cryptography, large IDs, precise timestamps in nanoseconds, and anywhere exact integer math matters. Key point: BigInt and Number are different types. You can’t mix them…
Password hashing is the last line of defense when a database is compromised. The choice of algorithm and its configuration determines how long an attacker must spend to recover each password. Node.js offers three viable paths: the bcrypt npm package, the argon2 npm package, and the built-in crypto.scrypt function. Each has a different operational profile,…
Every closure in Rust implements one or more of three traits: Fn, FnMut, and FnOnce. These traits describe how the closure uses the values it captures from its environment. A closure that only reads its captures implements Fn. A closure that mutates its captures implements FnMut. A closure that consumes its captures implements FnOnce. The…
Dates and times are not numbers, but they behave like them in some ways and unlike them in others. Adding a day to a date is not the same as adding 1 to an integer, because months have different lengths and leap years exist. Subtracting two dates produces an interval, not a number. Extracting the…
Dependency injection is the practice of passing a class its dependencies rather than letting it construct them itself. Instead of a UserService calling new Database() internally, it receives a Database instance as a constructor argument. The benefit is not aesthetic — it is that the dependency can be swapped for a test double, a different…
The translate() and translate3d() functions move elements from their original position — horizontally, vertically, or in 3D space. Unlike position or margin, translation doesn’t affect the layout of other elements. Overview of Functions Function Dimensions Values Description translate() 2D x or x, y Moves along X and Y translate3d() 3D x, y, z Moves along…
Dart executes application code on a single thread. There is no parallelism in the sense that two pieces of Dart code run at the same instant on the same isolate. Yet Dart programs handle thousands of concurrent operations: network requests, timers, file reads, user input, and rendering frames. The mechanism that makes this possible is…